Systematic treatment for tuberculosis was not superior to test-guided treatment in reducing mortality or invasive bacterial disease among immunosuppressed adults with HIV, according to findings in The New England Journal of Medicine.

Compared with medium-level alcohol use, very high use correlated with latent tuberculosis infection among adults with HIV in Uganda, according to a cross-sectional study in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

Tuberculosis among pregnant women in Ethiopia independently correlated with HIV infection and increasing age, which suggests that young women in the country are continuously exposed to, and infected with, contagious TB, according to findings in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

Rates of tuberculosis recurrence increased by almost ninefold between episode 2 and 5 regardless of HIV status, according to a study assessing recurrent tuberculosis in Cape Town, South Africa, over a 13-year period.

Low BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk for adverse treatment outcomes in patients with tuberculosis, although comorbid diabetes resulted in “unexpectedly” better outcomes for these patients, according to a study in a South Indian cohort.

Failure to respond to antibiotics may serve as a strong indicator of tuberculosis among people living with HIV who have symptoms of the disease, according to findings published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases.

Bedaquiline-based regimens for treating patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, MDR-TB, were associated with favorable outcomes and a lower rate of acquired drug resistance compared with delamanid-based regimens, according to a study conducted in the country of Georgia.

Bacille Calmette-Guérin, or BCG, vaccination is associated with a lower prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in adult TB contacts and could protect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, according to results published in Journal of Infectious Diseases.

An analysis of 17 years of national surveillance data showed that all forms of rifampin resistance in patients with tuberculosis were positively associated with HIV infection, delayed culture conversion and increased mortality, researchers reported.

An active case-finding strategy uncovered a “very high prevalence” of tuberculosis coinfection among newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in the country of Georgia, according to a recent study.